Engineering Reference & ASME Code Basis
1. Core Formula & Variable Definitions
ASME B16.5 (Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS ½–24) · ASME B16.47 (Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26–60) — reference only; not tabulated here · ASME B16.20 (Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges) · ASME B36.10M (Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe) — WN hub bore
Wpair = 2 · Wf + Wg + n · (Wstud + 2 · Wnut)
Lookup: OD, T, PCD, bolt holes · WN hub bore = selected pipe schedule ID (B36.10M) · Blind W_f = solid-disc screening estimate
ASME B16.5 flange envelope & mated-pair screening mass (this app)
This calculator looks up ASME B16.5 dimensions and screening masses for NPS ½–24 (Classes 150–1500; Class 2500 through NPS 12). Select flange type (WN / SO / SW / BL), facing (RF / FF / RTJ≥300), and pipe schedule for WN hub bore. Blind W_f uses a solid-disc estimate (ρ·π/4·OD²·T); SO/SW scale the WN RF catalog mass by type factors unless a type override is stored. Facing adjusts gasket mass and stud length. Hero W_pair = 2 flanges + gasket + full stud/nut set. Stud lengths are screening — confirm B16.5 / vendor lists before PO. Large diameters NPS 26–60 are B16.47 (not in this table).
- OD (Flange Outside Diameter) — Circular flange forging OD from the B16.5 row (mm or in).
- T (Flange Thickness) — Minimum flange ring thickness from the table (mm or in).
- PCD (Bolt Circle / Pitch Circle Diameter) — Circle through bolt-hole centers (mm or in).
- n (Bolt Hole Count) — Number of studs / bolt holes on the flange.
- W_f (Single Flange Mass) — WN: B16.5 catalog screening mass. Blind: solid-disc estimate (ρ·π/4·OD²·T). SO/SW: WN mass × type factor (0.70 / 0.75) unless a type override exists (kg or lb).
- W_g (Gasket Mass (screening)) — Spiral-wound RF / FF / RTJ screening mass with facing factor.
- W_pair (Mated Pair Assembly Mass) — Hero output: 2×W_f + W_g + n×(W_stud + 2×W_nut).
2. Allowances, Tolerances & Standards
Dimensions and masses are screening lookups. Confirm vendor drawings for facing height, RTJ ring, and stud length before procurement.
Cl 150/300 RF height is typically included in catalog T. Cl ≥ 600 adds 6.4 mm RF beyond minimum T. This calculator stores T from the app table — verify facing on the mill drawing.
WN hub bore follows the pipe schedule selected in Input Parameters (default Sch 40 / STD). Slip-on / socket-weld use pipe OD. Blind has no bore. SW above NPS 2 is flagged as screening-only in the UI.
Base stud length from the table is adjusted for facing and rounded to 5 mm. Confirm ASME B16.5 Appendix / vendor stud charts for purchase.
NPS 26–60 use B16.47 Series A or B bolt patterns that do not mate. This lookup stops at NPS 24.
Quick Reference Lookup Table
| NPS | Flange OD (mm) | Thickness T (mm) | Bolt circle (mm) | Bolts |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2" | 152.4 | 19.1 | 120.7 | 4 × 5/8" |
| 4" | 228.6 | 23.8 | 190.5 | 8 × 5/8" |
| 6" | 280 | 23.9 | 241.3 | 8 × 3/4" |
| 8" | 342.9 | 28.4 | 298.5 | 8 × 3/4" |
| 10" | 405 | 28.6 | 362 | 12 × 7/8" |
| 12" | 485 | 30.2 | 431.8 | 12 × 7/8" |
Values match data/piping/flangeDimension.json Class 150 WN RF rows. Live lookup also covers Classes 300–1500 (2500 through NPS 12) and type/facing factors. Unit toggle converts OD / T / PCD columns.
3. Material & Code Limitations
Pressure Class is not a constant psi/bar rating. MAWP follows ASME B16.5 Table 2 by material group and temperature — outside the dimension engine.
| Material Group | Temperature Range | Allowable Stress / Limit | Engineering Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1.1: Carbon Steel (ASTM A105 / A350 LF2) | -29 °C to 425 °C (-20 °F to 800 °F) | Cl 150 ≈ 19.6 bar @ 38 °C → ~6.5 bar @ 300 °C (A105) | Most common forged flange material. Confirm Table 2 for the actual group. |
| Group 2.1 / 2.2: Stainless (A182 F304/L, F316/L) | -196 °C to 538 °C (-320 °F to 1000 °F) | Often lower ambient MAWP than A105 for the same class | Use stainless ratings when the isometric specifies SS flanges. |
| Facing Compatibility (RF / FF / RTJ) | Per gasket / ring OEM | RTJ enabled in-app for Class ≥ 300 | Do not mate cast-iron FF to steel RF without full-face gasket / face machining — bending can crack CI. |
| Type Mass Basis (this app) | N/A | WN catalog · BL solid-disc · SO 0.70 · SW 0.75 | Blind no longer uses 0.85×WN. Optional weightKgBl/So/Sw overrides in the data table take precedence when present. Confirm vendor weights for PO. |
Code Applicability & Safety Boundaries
- Calculator scope: B16.5 OD/T/PCD/bolting lookup, WN schedule bore, Blind solid-disc / SO·SW type-factor mass screening, and W_pair. It does not compute MAWP or B16.47 large flanges.
- Always use W_pair (not W_f alone) for spool rigging and rack deadload estimates.
- RTJ ring numbers are B16.20 screening IDs — confirm the gasket OEM chart.
4. Step-by-Step Worked Example
Field VerificationShowHide
Reproduce the app path for NPS 6 Class 300 weld-neck RF: read OD, T, PCD, bolting, W_f, and W_pair from flangeDimension.json (same source as the live calculator).
Read B16.5 envelope from the app table
These values match data/piping/flangeDimension.json (not older handbook rounded SEO).
Read bolting layout
Shown in Field bolt & tool specs and the live joint preview.
Single flange mass W_f
SO would use 0.7 × 19.1 ≈ 13.4 kg. Blind uses a solid-disc estimate instead of 0.85×WN.
Hardware + gasket
Screening masses from the same JSON row; stud mass is rounded to 0.01 kg in the engine.
Mated pair W_pair (hero)
Matches the calculator hero for NPS 6 Class 300 WN RF.
5. Frequently Asked Questions & Technical References
ShowHide
No. Class is a dimensionless designator. MAWP comes from ASME B16.5 Table 2 by material group and temperature (e.g. A105 Class 150 ≈ 19.6 bar at 38 °C, much lower at 300 °C).
W_pair = 2 × W_f + W_g + full stud/nut set. It is the mated joint screening mass for rigging — not a single flange catalog weight.
Weld-neck bore uses the selected pipe schedule ID from the pipe-schedule table (B36.10M), defaulting to Sch 40 / STD. Slip-on / socket-weld use pipe OD. Blind is solid.
WN uses the stored B16.5 WN RF catalog mass. Blind uses a solid-disc screening estimate (7850 kg/m³ × π/4 × OD² × T) — not 0.85×WN — because high-class / large blinds are often heavier than WN. SO / SW apply type factors 0.70 / 0.75 unless a type-specific override is stored. Always confirm vendor weights for purchasing and rigging.
B16.5 covers NPS ½–24. NPS 26–60 use B16.47 Series A or B (non-interchangeable). Those sizes are not in this calculator.